​​Maine Coons are generally healthy and hardy cats, but like all breeds, they are prone to certain genetic conditions. Their large size and breed history contribute to a few common health concerns, but with proper care and regular checkups, many of these issues can be managed or prevented.

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Common Diseases in Maine Coons

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Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM)

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HCM is the most common heart disease in Maine Coons. It causes the heart walls to thicken, making it harder for the heart to pump blood efficiently. If left untreated, this can lead to lethargy, rapid breathing, and even heart failure. Since HCM is hereditary, routine heart screenings and genetic testing are highly recommended for early detection.

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Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA)

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SMA is a genetic disorder that affects the spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and lack of coordination. Affected Maine Coons may develop a wobbly gait and difficulty jumping, but the condition is not painful and doesn’t affect their lifespan. Responsible breeders screen for SMA to prevent passing it on to kittens.

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Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)

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PKD causes fluid-filled cysts to develop in the kidneys, which can eventually lead to kidney failure. Symptoms usually appear in adulthood and include increased thirst, weight loss, and decreased appetite. Routine vet checkups, proper hydration, and a kidney-friendly diet can help slow the progression of PKD.

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Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency (PkDef)

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PkDef is a genetic enzyme disorder that leads to anemia by reducing red blood cell production. Maine Coons with PkDef may show signs of fatigue, weakness, or pale gums. Genetic testing can confirm if a cat is a carrier, making screening an important step for responsible breeding.

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Hip Dysplasia

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Because of their large size and muscular build, Maine Coons are more prone to hip dysplasia, a condition where the hip joint doesn’t fit properly into the socket. This can cause pain, stiffness, and arthritis as they age. Keeping your cat at a healthy weight, providing joint supplements, and encouraging moderate exercise can help reduce strain on their joints.

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Maine Coon Lifespan & Longevity

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Maine Coons typically live 12–15 years, but with excellent care, some reach 16–20 years. A few key factors influence their lifespan:

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  ✔ Genetics – Ethical breeding reduces the risk of hereditary diseases.
  ✔ Diet & Nutrition – A well-balanced diet supports heart, kidney, and joint health.
  ✔ Exercise & Weight Management – Prevents obesity, which can contribute to diabetes and joint issues.

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How to Keep a Maine Coon Healthy

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• Regular Vet Checkups – Annual exams, heart screenings, and blood tests can catch health issues early.

• Genetic Testing – If adopting from a breeder, ask about DNA testing for HCM, SMA, PkDef, and PKD.

• Balanced Diet & Weight Control – A high-protein, grain-free diet supports muscle and joint health while preventing obesity.

• Exercise & Mental Stimulation – Provide climbing structures, interactive toys, and regular play sessions to keep them active.

 

By staying proactive about your Maine Coon’s health, you can help them live a longer, happier life with fewer medical complications.